Electric cooker connection

One of the main attributes in a modern kitchen is a stove. Most modern homes are equipped with electric stoves. These devices, by right, are considered safer than gas analogues - they do not use open sources of fire, exclude the risk of explosion or poisoning by carbon monoxide. However, they are still a source of increased danger, because they carry the risk of electric shock or fire. For safe operation of the electric stove, it is important to choose the right place and reliably connect it to the mains.

Choosing a place is a crucial step during installation. In order for the electric stove to serve you as long as possible, and its operation delivering only positive emotions, you must correctly select the installation location. It must meet the following requirements:

  • the floor surface should provide the ability to install the device strictly horizontally;
  • In the immediate vicinity should not be flammable objects (curtains, textiles, plastic panels, etc.)
  • the product should not be adjacent to the kitchen sink;
  • the minimum distance from the surface of the electric stove to the exhaust hood is at least 45 cm.

REFERENCE! If you are installing an induction model, be aware that it can interfere with nearby electrical appliances.

The most critical step in the installation process is connecting to the mains. The electric stove is the most powerful consumer of electricity in the apartment, so its connection is a responsible matter. If you do not have experience in the electrical installation of household electrical appliances, it is better to entrust the installation process to specialists. Errors in connection can lead to electric shock or fire.

For those who have basic skills in working with electricity, it will not be difficult to carry out the installation process on their own. The main thing is to follow the rules below:

  • the electric stove must have a separate underwater cable directly from the electrical panel;
  • in the electrical panel for connection, provide a separate circuit breaker, optimally differential automatic;
  • the rating of the circuit breaker must be equal to the maximum current consumed by the electric stove or a step more;
  • cable cross section in mm2 you should choose no less than the rated current of the circuit breaker divided by ten;
  • Be sure to provide reliable grounding.

IMPORTANT! In the absence of reliable grounding, there is a risk of electric shock when touching the metal parts of the housing.

When choosing the cross section of an underwater cable, many make a mistake, being guided only by the data on the maximum current consumed by the electric stove. Ignoring the fact that the cable must withstand more current than the rating of the circuit breaker in the shield.

As a cable for connecting household electric stoves, it is most rational to use a cable with single-wire copper conductors that does not spread combustion, for example, VVGng or NYM.

ATTENTION! Only purchase cable from trusted suppliers. Currently, a large number of low-quality cables are found on the market, in which the cross-section of the conductors and the insulation thickness do not correspond to the declared.

The cable for the electric stove should be mounted together with the rest of the wiring in a hidden way. It should exit the wall near the installation site of the electric stove.

Electric stove models on the market use different connection schemes. It is necessary to take this fact into account when choosing one or another model. Some manufacturers produce devices that can operate both in a single-phase network with a voltage of 220 V, and in two and three-phase networks with a voltage of 380 V.

Single phase connection

The overwhelming majority of people live in apartments with a power grid made according to a single-phase circuit with a voltage of 220 V. Moreover, the connection of electrical appliances is carried out with a three-core cable, observing the color coding of the cores.

  • phase wire white or brown;
  • neutral conductor blue;
  • the ground wire is yellow-green.

In the terminal block of the electric stove intended for a single-phase network, you can find the marking that ensures the uniqueness of the electrical equipment connection:

  • terminal L is used to connect the phase wire;
  • terminal N is for neutral;
  • PE terminal for grounding.

In universal models, instead of a single terminal L, you will find terminals L1, L2, L3, which, when connected, must be connected with the standard jumpers supplied with the device in accordance with the operating instructions.

Two-phase connection

Two-phase connection is a rare option for connecting to the electric network in our country. In a network of this type, the voltage between the neutral conductor and any of the phases is 220 volts, between the two phase conductors is 380 V. To implement connection to this network, you need to prepare a four-wire cable and a two-pole circuit breaker in the electrical panel.

Color coding in this case:

  • the first phase wire is white or brown;
  • the second phase conductor is black;
  • neutral conductor blue;
  • the ground wire is yellow-green.

ATTENTION! Depending on the type and manufacturer of the electric cable, the color of the phase conductors may vary, but the colors of the neutral and ground wires are the same.

In the terminal block of the electric stove, designed for a two-phase network, you can find a marking that ensures the uniqueness of the electrical equipment connection:

  • terminal L1 is used to connect the first phase;
  • terminal L2 is used to connect the second phase;
  • terminal N is for neutral;
  • PE terminal for grounding.

Three phase connection

A three-phase network with a voltage of 380 V, as a rule, is available only to owners of private houses. It is the most rational option for connecting electric stoves. When connecting a three-phase network, the load is evenly distributed between the phases, the current consumed by the electric stove is reduced.

In the case of a three-phase network, you need a five-wire submarine cable and a three-pole circuit breaker in the electrical panel.

The terminal block will contain the following terminals:

  • terminal L1 is used to connect the first phase;
  • terminal L2 is used to connect the second phase;
  • terminal L3 is used to connect the third phase;
  • terminal N is for neutral;
  • PE terminal for grounding.

ATTENTION! In electric stoves designed to operate in both a three-phase and a single-phase network, jumpers can be located between the terminals L1, L2, L3. When connecting to a three-phase network, they must be removed, otherwise a short circuit will occur.

After reviewing how the stove is connected to the mains, it remains to determine the optimal connection option for your case. As a rule, the following three options are used in practice:

  1. Connection via an electrical outlet. The most commonly used option for connecting household appliances, some models of electric stoves, come with an already connected power cord for connecting to an outlet. The difference from other electrical appliances is that it is necessary to use special sockets for powerful consumers. If necessary, the device can be disconnected from the network - by disconnecting from the outlet.
  2. PConnection via terminal block. The cable from the shield is connected to the cable from the plate in the terminal box located on the wall near the plate. This connection option allows you to use a flexible cable directly to connect the device, providing some mobility during operation. A terminal connection is considered more reliable than an electrical outlet.
  3. Pdirect connection. A single cable without connections from the shield to the terminal block plate. The most preferred option in theory, but difficult to put into practice in everyday life. They resort to it when connecting industrial electric stoves of high power.

ATTENTION! Do not use household outlets to connect the electric stove, as they are not designed for currents above 16 A, which is not enough for such consumption devices.

As you can see, connecting an electric stove is not much different from connecting other devices to the mains. With some experience, this operation will not be difficult for most home craftsmen.

Watch the video: How to wire an electric cooker (March 2024).

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